Ji Zhang 11-10-1998 Period 4 English Greek Mythology Speech Notes warning: possible errors. INTERNET EDITION- HAND OUT NOTES NOT INCLUDED 6 10/12/1998 Sarah Cornwell “Seven Against Thebes”- author, plot, warfare, tragic hero, chorus 1. Aeschylus-4 yr. career, 90 plays, father members.tripod.com/~acejizhang drama, widely respected, influenced by war (he was in Marathon) 2. Plot: Polyneices attacks Thebes & Eteocles for the crown, Polyneices sends 7 champions (he is the 7th one) to attack the 7 gates members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Thebes. Polyneices meets Eteocles and they kill each other, beginning Antigone. 3. Warefare: Greek soldiers were hoplites & fought in phalanxes (huddled men to form a wall), resulting in intense, close battles. 4. Tragic hero is Eteocles, he is patriotic, optimistic, loved by villagers, had a flaw, and was royal. 5. Chorus: gave background info, questioned Eteo. if to fight Polyneices. concl: 7 vs. Thebes represents values & customs members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Greeks 4 10/13/1998 Meryl Candor “Greek Amphitheater in Sophocles’s Athens”- description Pericles built the permanent amphitheater at the time members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Sophocles. Seats encircled around the stage in the upper & lower levels. Diazoma A = top, by Ji Zhang Koilons sat, Diazoma B was by Ji Zhang orchestra sat. Thymeli is at the middle, by Ji Zhang chorus stands. Stage: 1st part= proscenium. few scenery, but sometimes columns to represent temples, etc. Pardos= roads by Ji Zhang chorus entered & exited. No curtains or lighting. amphitheater is open ceiling, shaped in a way so actors’ voices rises up & can be heard at the top. Very rowdy crowds= poor & rich audience who commented internet site the plays. Visual = model members.tripod.com/~acejizhang amphitheater 1 10/15/1998 Jesse Abrams Morley “Scandals members.tripod.com/~acejizhang the Council members.tripod.com/~acejizhang the Greek Gods”: The 12 Olympians all had scandals. The most well known ones were the affair members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Ares & Aphrodite, affairs members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Zeus situation between Hera & Hephaestus 1 Aphrodite was married to Hephaestus, the ugliest god. Aphrodite displeased, and had affair w/ Ares. But she was caught. Hephaestus wove a net over them internet site sleep. The other gods laughed at them when they struggled to get out. Meaning: do not cheat marriage 2 Zeus had lots members.tripod.com/~acejizhang affairs to mortals and titans. Affair w/ Leto: Hera was jealous members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Leto, so she destroys Leto. Zeus members.tripod.com/~acejizhangten changed into things, such as rocks, to avoid capture by Hera, but most members.tripod.com/~acejizhang the time he was caught. Zeus was able restrain himself in many situations by Ji Zhang an affair may lead to downfall. 3 Hepahestus is the son members.tripod.com/~acejizhang hera & Zeus. Thrown down to Earth because Hera disliked his ugliness. Hephaestus injured on the fall, thus he is crippled. He became a jeweler for 9 years. He was sensational. The gods even took notice members.tripod.com/~acejizhang his works & brought him back to Olympus, by Ji Zhang his true identity was revealed. Hephaestus liked his mother, but ignored Zeus, his father. Meaning: mother son relationship. 3 10/15/1998 Daniel Brooks “Golden Age members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Greek drama” 5 playwrights & Pericles are responsible for and lived internet site this period. Thespis 6th century BC, founder members.tripod.com/~acejizhang drama, the first actor (began acting internet site festival members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Dionyseus) Aeschylus 1st tragic poet, father members.tripod.com/~acejizhang tragic, wrote over 90 plays, set patter members.tripod.com/~acejizhang tragedy Sophocles 496BC born into a wealthy family. good edu., defeated Aeschylus as a better playwright & known as the best tragic poet in history. Euripides- tragedian, came from a wealthy family, writings on old mythology and represented political & moral issues, such as the negatives members.tripod.com/~acejizhang war. Aristophanes- 1st & greatest comedian. wrote comical plays in which made fun members.tripod.com/~acejizhang others & had three children who all became comedians also. Pericles politician who is responsible for making Athens so prosperous. Under his rule came the living conditions which allowed so much plays to be performed, etc, and is the founder members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Golden Age. 19 10/16/1998 Adam Rosenthal “The use members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Greek classical myths on decorative designs on buildings in Philadelphia” -influ. members.tripod.com/~acejizhang myth in architecture, description members.tripod.com/~acejizhang building decorations, general architecture. 1. Philly architecture originated in Greece (“Greek Revival Style”). Modern architecture mimics other cultures, especially the Greeks’. Benjamin Latroube designed banks & churbes, etc. he used geometric forms, which are Greek. 2. Greek architecture found in: Cupid’s statue, Pan sculpture at UP, griffins at the Art Mus., decoration members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Olympians on pillars at the Art Mus. 3. Architecture is cultural, including Greek architecture in universities, museums, hospitals with many variations. The statues are not related to their buildings, except in Art Mus., (<- wrong) 9 10/21/1998 Zachariah Dorey-Stein “‘The Frogs’ by Aristophanes”- plot, influence on writing, influence on cinema 1. Dionyseus goes x/ Xanthias, his slave, to Hades. He runs into deceased man on funeral & charon, who will not let a slave on his boat. Thus, Dionyseus had to row & the frogs in the river made fun members.tripod.com/~acejizhang him, to represent the critics. Xanthias & Dionyseus arrives at Hades, Dionyseus is afraid they might punish a god & switches roles w/ Xanthias, but instead they invite the god (Xanthias in disguise) for a party, later, Dio. switches back, but they force the god to pay the bill. Later all is revealed & for this trick they get whipped. Euripides & Aeschylus have a competition for who is the better writer, Euripides wins. 2. German version members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Frogs, but since Frogs hard to translate, it was not too influential. A French version also, & writers wrote like Aristophanes. English writers wrote derivatives members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Frogs. 3. Films, such as “City Lights” are based on Aristophanes. His satirical style. 8 10/22/1998 Eric Dinenberg “‘The Birds’ by Aristophanes”- 4 scenes from play, crude & rude comedy, but loved 1. Mecato & Goodhope want to get away from all bads members.tripod.com/~acejizhang society, and wants to live simply, but painlessly. 2. Leave the city to find Utopia, but runs into poop bird, who lies & says that its life was best. Mecato & Goodhope believes him for his life w/o work motto. Represents the desires members.tripod.com/~acejizhang all: all play & no work. 3. Mecato runs for mayor members.tripod.com/~acejizhang city. He wins & is cruel to the people. Represents: abuse members.tripod.com/~acejizhang power. 4. Everyone wanted to be part members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Mecato’s city while others opposed. Mecato’s negatives were shadowed by his good. Represent: aspirations & achievements shadowing one’s character. 13 10/25/1998 Jawaad Hussain “Euripides’ ‘The Trojan Women’”- situation in Athens, significance, synopsis, personal view 1. play controversial, did not show greatness members.tripod.com/~acejizhang war, showed female side; at that time, only men had souls, but this play showed that women are humans, also. 2. represented women’s suffrage & bad effects members.tripod.com/~acejizhang war 3. Athens attacks Troy & burns it to the ground. All the women are enslaved. Cassandra is slave to Agamemnon. Child members.tripod.com/~acejizhang hector killed. Each character = facet: Hecuba- hope & strength, Menelaeus- passion stronger than reason, Helen- treachery/ selfishness, Andromache- spoils members.tripod.com/~acejizhang war, Thipeas- honor 4. “War is over, but what happens to the women & children?” 15 10/26/1998 David Lieberman “The Odyssey by Homer”- author, characters, plot. 1. by Homer, whom little is known about. He created the “epic cycle”. Parts members.tripod.com/~acejizhang his works are debated to be whether really written by him or just copied. Wrote the best epics. 2. Odysseus- superhero w/ valor & smarts. Has reason & evaluation. Weakness= women & pride, but his courage shadows his flaw. Penelope is another character, also cyclops. 3. Odysseus wanders around after Trojan war as punishment for poling out the eye members.tripod.com/~acejizhang cyclops. Odysseus is lost & does not know how to get home. He encounters many obstacles, such as the sirens, but makes it back finally with the mercy members.tripod.com/~acejizhang the gods & pity members.tripod.com/~acejizhang a king who gave him supplies & a ship. 17 11/6/1998 Hamidah McCorkel “The Aeneid by Virgil”- author, plot, ending, comparison to other writings 1. Virgil is a poet in rome. originally a lawyer, but liked poetry more. He glorifies Rome & Augustus, the ruler. 2. Aeneis is a Trojan hero. His destiny is to find Rome. 2 plots members.tripod.com/~acejizhang the story: 1 in Mt. Olympus & 1 on Earth. Juno does not want Aeneis to find rome, so he sends a big storm. Aeneis’ mother is Venus & protects him. He is blown to Carthage. Aeneis finally goes to rome. He fights the king there to gain control. 3. Ends: Aeneis kills Turnus, a relative to the king, but Virgil died before he finished. 4 Virgil also talks about how Augustus tried to keep Rome together internet site civil war. Aeneid is the Trojans’ view members.tripod.com/~acejizhang what happened after the war in contrast to the Iliad & Odyssey. Virgil used “in media res”, a flashback technique to reveal something. 24 11/10/1998 Sarah Ward “Theme members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Greek classical myths in art and sculpture in Phila. Art. Mus.”- different paintings/ sculptures 1. “Prometheus Steals Fire” painting: Prometheus is a hero for the humans because he steals fire from the gods to introduce it to Earth. 2. “Venus & Adonis” painting: Venus tries to warn Adonis about various dangers, but Adonis is killed anyway. 3. “Medusa” sculpture: snakes for head, she is a monster whose gaze stoned. Perseus kills her in order to marry a princess (carry out King’s request), Perseus looks into reflection on Athena’s shield in order to avoid looking straight at Medusa. 4. Painting members.tripod.com/~acejizhang birth members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Venus- “Venus Rising”- she rises out members.tripod.com/~acejizhang the sea. 5. Sculpture/ fountain members.tripod.com/~acejizhang “Venus Rising”- she rises out members.tripod.com/~acejizhang the sea at birth. Ji Zhang 11-10-1998 INTERNET EDITION, HANDOUTS NOT INCLUDED!!!!!! http://members.tripod.com/~acejizhang Period 4 English